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Background. Technical failure is more likely to occur in the first 6 months of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study was carried out to identify risk factors for early transfer from PD to haemodialysis (HD) in a country where assisted PD is available.

Methods. All patients from the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry (RDPLF) who started PD between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2010 were included. Time to transfer, death and transplantation during the first 6 months on PD were analysed by the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. The Fine and Gray model was used to examine the occurrence of technical failure by considering death and transplantation as competing events.

Results. Of 9675 patients included, 615 (6.3%) moved to HD during the first 6 months of PD. Cumulative incidence of transfer to HD was 6.6% at 6 months. On multivariate analysis by both the Cox model and the Fine and Gray model, HD prior to PD, allograft failure and early peritonitis were associated with a higher risk of early technical failure, whereas being dialysed in a centre treating more than 20 new patients per year was associated with a lower risk of early transfer to HD.

Conclusions. Patients treated by HD before PD and failed ìtransplant patients had a higher risk of early PD failure when competing events were considered.